Dongfeng-5 ballistic missile (English: DF-5 ballistic missile, code: DF-5, series models: Dongfeng-5A/A and Dongfeng-5B/B, NATO code: CSS-4), is the Chinese people The Type I land-based liquid fuel long-range ballistic missile equipped by the PLA Rocket Army is China's first-generation ground-to-ground intercontinental strategic missile.

The Dongfeng-5 ballistic missile is China's first ballistic missile with intercontinental range. It is the backbone of the strategic nuclear counterattack. Its series of models Dongfeng-5A and Dongfeng-5B have been improved, and the performance has been significantly improved. It will continue. Take on the task of nuclear deterrence.

The DF-5 ballistic missile is an intercontinental ballistic missile stored in a fixed silo. It was first tested in September 1971. It was successfully tested on May 18, 1980 for the first time (9070 km, flying to the Pacific Ocean), [4] 1981 After serving in 1983, after improvement in 1983, the range was further improved, and a more precise guidance system was replaced. It was named Dongfeng-5A. In 1986, the missile head test was carried out. On September 3, 2015, the improved Dongfeng- 5 B public appearance.

Development background

After the advent of nuclear weapons, projection methods have received increasing attention. Intercontinental ballistic missiles have the ability to strike globally. In some respects, they have obvious advantages over aerial projection methods. They soon became the targets of military powers after the war. On August 21, 1957, the Soviet Union successfully launched the R-7 intercontinental missile (NATO code SS-6), entered the service in 1959, and used the R-7 improved launch vehicle to send the first artificial satellite into the Earth. track. Immediately thereafter, the US First Intercontinental Ballistic Missile SM-65 completed the full test on November 28, 1958, and was also entered in 1959.

In the 1960s, after China possessed nuclear weapons technology, intercontinental ballistic missiles were also put on the agenda, but at that time they were busy copying the Soviet R-2 missile and improving the Dongfeng-2 ballistic missile (DF-2). Intercontinental missiles can only be used as far Target.

In 1965, with the successful test of the Dongfeng-2 missile and the smooth development of the Dongfeng-3 ballistic missile, Qian Xuesen proposed the "ground-to-ground missile development plan", and for the first time proposed China's complete ground-to-ground missile development system. In the eight years from 1965 to 1972, the medium- and short-range ballistic missiles, medium-range missiles, medium- and long-range ballistic missiles, and long-range missiles were developed in the order of the first and the last. This is commonly known as the "eight-year four-ball" plan. The missile, which was officially started in 1965, is planned to carry about 3 tons of warheads and Dongfeng-5 missiles with a range of 8,000 to 10,000 kilometers. Because the medium- and long-range Dongfeng-4 ballistic missiles were barely able to reach Moscow and could not carry out nuclear strikes against the Soviet Union's western industrial zone, the first imaginary enemy of the Dongfeng-5 missile was the Soviet Union.

In March 1965, the Chinese Central Committee responsible for planning two bombs and one star decided to develop the intercontinental missile, named it "Dongfeng No. 5", and issued the main tactical technical indicators, requiring the first flight in 1971 and finalization in 1973. According to the technical background of the time, Dongfeng No. 5 is a launching well-based, two-stage liquid-propelled intercontinental ballistic missile. It is the Fifth Institute of the Chinese Ministry of National Defense (now China Aerospace First Institute, China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology). Design development

Technical characteristics

The Dongfeng-5 ballistic missile project had planned to develop an intercontinental missile with a range of more than 10,000 kilometers in one step. However, with the improvement of Sino-US relations and the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations, the Dongfeng-5 missile finally took two steps. First, the range of 8000 kilometers, the second step to more than 10,000 kilometers. Four of the first batch of Dongfeng-5 missiles were also used directly to launch return satellites, known as the Long March II (CZ-2) launch vehicle. Although the first launch failed due to quality problems, after the product quality rectification work, the first return satellite was successfully launched on November 26, 1975, making China the third country in the world to break back satellite technology. Three countries that master space remote sensing.

Compared with the prototype, the Dongfeng-5 missile A is mainly improved in engine performance and more precise guidance system. The warhead is also improved. It can carry equipment such as bait and has a range of more than 12,000 kilometers. The range is slightly different depending on the load distribution. Change, the ability to truly achieve global coverage. As the Dongfeng-5 missile A is a relatively mature intercontinental missile with the largest internal space, on the basis of it, it has developed the first Dongfeng-5 missile type B with a multi-warhead that can carry a sub-guide. The body is basically the same as the type A, and can carry about 4 to 6 split warheads.

The DF-5 missile was originally stored in a horizontal position in the tunnel below the mountain and was launched by moving outside the tunnel. The mode of operation was called “full riot” and it took about two hours for the missile to refuel normally. The Dongfeng-5 missile and the Dongfeng-5 missile A produced were deployed in the silo and kept in the ready-to-launch state. In order to improve the survivability of these missiles, China has built a large number of bait silos, including shallow hole excavation. The head is similar to a combat silo.