"Two bombs and one star" refers to nuclear bombs, missiles, and artificial satellites.

On November 5, 1960, the first missile of China's imitation was successfully launched. At 15:00 on October 16, 1964, China's first atomic bomb exploded successfully, making China the fifth country with an atomic bomb; June 17, 1967 At 8 o'clock in the morning, China's first hydrogen bomb air-blast test was successful; at 21 o'clock on April 24, 1970, China's first artificial satellite was successfully launched, making China the fifth country to launch satellites. China's "two bombs and one star" is a brilliant undertaking created by the Chinese nation in the second half of the 20th century.

The 1950s and 1960s were extremely unusual periods. At that time, in the face of a severe international situation, in order to resist the threat of imperialism and nuclear blackmail, in the mid-1950s, the first generation of the Party Central Leadership Group with Comrade Mao Zedong as the core. In accordance with the international situation at that time, in order to safeguard national security and safeguard world peace, and for a long-term vision, we made a decisive strategic decision to independently develop "two bombs and one star." A large number of outstanding scientific and technological workers, including many scientists who have made outstanding achievements abroad, have embraced the country and, with the love of the new China, responded to the call of the party and the country, and turned their backs on this sacred and great cause. Come in. Together with the vast numbers of cadres, workers, and PLA officers and men involved in the development of the "two bombs and one star", they were self-reliant and angered by the country's economic and technological foundations and working conditions, and relied entirely on their own strength. With less investment and shorter time, it has broken through cutting-edge technologies such as nuclear bombs, missiles and artificial satellites, and has achieved remarkable achievements.

Background introduction

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, in the face of the threat of imperialism and the nuclear swindle of the great powers in the 1950s and 1960s, in 1956 under the auspices of Zhou Enlai, Chen Yi, Li Fuchun and Nie Rongzhen, the "Vision of Science and Technology Development from 1956 to 1967" was formulated. Planning Outline. In 1958, Mao Zedong said, "We also want to engage in artificial satellites! Let's engage in atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs, and missiles. I think it is entirely possible to have ten years of effort." Even though the environment in which China developed the above technology was still very backward and difficult, it did not. Less scientists have since invested in these development plans. "Two bombs and one star" is a general term for nuclear technology and space technology that China relies on for its own strength. It does not explicitly specify which two bombs and which star. Deng Xiaoping said: "If China has no atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs, and no satellites since the 1960s, China cannot be called a big country with important influences. There is no such international status. These things reflect the ability of a nation, and it is also a nation. The sign of the country's prosperity and development." Jiang Zemin's speech at the "Two Bombs and One Star" Science and Technology Experts Meeting mentioned that on October 16, 1964, China's first atomic bomb exploded successfully; in 1967, six On the 17th, China’s first hydrogen bomb air-blast test was successful; on April 24, 1970, China’s first artificial satellite (Dongfanghong No. 1) was successfully launched, and the Eastern Red Song was sung in the universe. .

Event development and spiritual connotation

Military development

As early as the 1950s, Mao Zedong issued the call of "we also want to engage in artificial satellites." China's space technology developed from scratch, from small to large.

In the mid-1950s, the newly born New China was in vain. In the face of the internationally serious nuclear blackmail situation and the development trend of the arms race, the first generation of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Mao Zedong as the core decided to develop missiles, nuclear bombs and man-made forces. Earth satellites, breaking the strategic decision of cutting-edge defense technology. In 1956, the development of missiles and atomic bombs was included in China's 12-year scientific and technological development plan. In only four years, China successfully launched the first self-developed missile in 1960. In 1964, the first atomic bomb developed by China was successfully launched. In 1967, the first hydrogen bomb was successfully exploded. In 1970, China used the Long March carrier rocket to successfully launch China’s first artificial satellite, Dongfanghong No. 1, which became the fifth in the world to launch artificial satellites after the Soviet Union, the United States, France, and Japan. country. Since then, China's national defense science and technology industry has continued to grow and develop. It has mastered the neutron bomb design technology and nuclear weapon miniaturization technology. It has developed and launched various types of strategic and tactical missiles and launch vehicles. The submarine has successfully launched underwater and launched multiple returning models. Satellites, geosynchronous orbits and sun-synchronous orbit satellites. "Two bombs and one star" not only provided us with technical support for the establishment of strategic missile units, but also enhanced our defensive capabilities and combat capabilities under high-tech conditions, and also promoted the development of China's high-tech and its industries and promoted the economy. Construction and technological progress. The great achievements made by the "two bombs and one star" cause are an important symbol of the Chinese people's standing upright. They have greatly encouraged the fighting spirit of the entire party and the whole army, enhanced national cohesiveness and stimulated the rejuvenation of China. enthusiasm. As Comrade Deng Xiaoping once pointed out: "If China has no atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs, and satellites since the 1960s, China cannot be a big country with important influences. There is no such international status. These things reflect the ability of a nation. A sign that a nation and a country thrive."

Great success

The great success of the "two bombs and one star" cause relies on the wise decision-making of the Party Central Committee and the strong support of all parties. It is a vivid manifestation of the advantage that the socialist system can "concentrate power to do big things." However, all the advantages and conditions we have must be realized by all the people involved in this cause, especially the heroes of them. The role of the "two bombs and one star" heroes is extremely important. The achievements of the heroes are in the annals of history. The spirit of the heroes is eternal and will always be an example for us to learn. We must learn the patriotism of the heroes. Many of them have achieved success in foreign countries, have superior scientific research and living conditions, and have resolutely returned to the motherland in order to devote themselves to the construction of the new China, breaking through many obstacles and obstacles. For decades, for the best interests of the motherland and the people, they have been obscured and worked hard, creating miracles on earth with their amazing wisdom and high patriotism. "The Chinese nation does not deceive others, and it must not be deceived by others." It is their firm belief. Patriotism is the driving force for their creation and development, and also the spiritual pillar for them to overcome all difficulties.

We must learn the spirit of hard work and selfless dedication of the heroes. It is with such a spirit that they are not afraid of wind and sand, not afraid of the cold and heat, no conditions, create conditions; no instruments, make their own; lack of information, study hard. That's it, they have created amazing "two bombs and one star" with amazing perseverance and speed from nothing to small.

Promote the spirit

We must learn the spirit of "two bombs and one star" heroes to explore and be brave in innovation. In the development of "two bombs and one star", we have seen a high level of technological leapfrogging. From atomic bombs to hydrogen bombs, we only spend two years and eight months, much shorter than the time spent in the United States, the former Soviet Union, and France. The new technologies, new materials, new processes and new solutions adopted in the development of missiles and satellites have crossed the traditional technological stage in many aspects. "Two bombs and one star" is the product of the Chinese people's vitality. The spirit of "two bombs and one star": love the motherland, selfless dedication, self-reliance, hard work, great synergy, and courage to climb.